How to Plan Outdoor Lighting for Public Spaces: A Step-by-Step Guide
Designing lighting for public spaces isn’t just about visibility — it’s about creating atmosphere, guiding movement, and making communities feel safer and more connected. Whether you're lighting a park, town square, shared pathway, or recreational area, thoughtful lighting design enhances both aesthetics and usability.
In this step-by-step guide, we’ll walk you through how to plan outdoor lighting for public spaces to ensure your project is functional, beautiful, and compliant with standards.
Step 1: Define the Purpose of the Space
Start by identifying how the space will be used after dark. Is it for recreation, commuting, events, or relaxation? Each use case will influence the lighting requirements.
Example: A public plaza hosting evening markets will require higher light levels and flexible lighting zones, while a quiet riverside path might benefit from softer, more intimate lighting.
Step 2: Assess the Site and Surroundings
Conduct a detailed site analysis. Look at:
Natural light levels and shading
Obstructions such as trees or buildings
Nearby roads or residential zones
Existing infrastructure or cabling
Accessibility and safety considerations
This will help determine lighting placement, luminaire type, and beam direction.
Step 3: Choose the Right Lighting Types
Effective lighting design balances three core layers:
Ambient Lighting: General light for safe movement (e.g., pole lights or bollards)
Task Lighting: Specific lighting for paths, stairs, or signage
Accent Lighting: Highlights trees, sculptures, or architectural features
A layered approach improves visibility while adding mood and depth to the space.
Step 4: Select Luminaries with Care
Not all outdoor lights are created equal. Consider:
Light output (lumens) for brightness
Colour temperature (e.g., warm white for calm spaces, neutral white for activity areas)
Optics and beam spread for targeted illumination
IP rating for weather resistance
Longevity and energy efficiency (LEDs are preferred)
Dark sky-compliant fittings can also help reduce light pollution and glare.
Step 5: Design for Safety and Compliance
Public lighting must meet Australian standards such as AS/NZS 1158 for road and public lighting. Safety factors to consider:
Uniformity of light (no harsh dark spots)
Lighting levels appropriate to activity
Proper pole placement to avoid trip hazards
Emergency lighting if required
A certified lighting audit or lux level simulation may be needed to verify compliance.
Step 6: Plan Controls and Energy Efficiency
Modern public lighting often includes smart controls for dimming, motion detection, or scheduling. These features:
Improve energy efficiency
Reduce operational costs
Extend luminaire life
Enable adaptive lighting for different times or events
Rebate programs (like Victoria's Activity 35) may help offset the cost of upgrades with energy-efficient designs.
Step 7: Test and Fine-Tune the Design
Before finalising installation, conduct a lighting simulation or pilot test in key areas. Adjust beam angles, fixture spacing, and brightness levels to optimise the outcome.
Step 8: Maintain and Monitor
A great lighting design includes a maintenance plan. Consider:
Access to fixtures for cleaning or replacement
Remote monitoring systems
Scheduled inspections and testing
Lighting should continue performing well for years after installation.
Bring Your Public Space to Life
At Spaces At Night, we help councils, architects, and contractors transform outdoor spaces with functional, beautiful lighting designs. From concept to compliance, our team ensures your project meets every need — technically and creatively.
Need help with your next lighting project?
Call us at 0411 222 867 or email hello@spacesatnight.com.au
